1
ε0∮ E · dA = qenc∮ B · dA = 0
2
∮ E · ds = −dΦBdt∮ B · ds = μ0ε0dΦEdt + μ0iencid = ε0dΦEdt
3
∮ E · dA = qenc/ε0
∮ B · dA = 0
∮ E · ds = −dΦB/dt
∮ B · ds = μ0ε0 dΦE/dt + μ0ienc
4
E = Em sin(kx − ωt)B = Bm sin(kx − ωt)λ = 2πkEmBm = c
5
dxdt = ωk = c∂E∂x = −∂B∂t−∂B∂x = μ0ε0∂E∂tc = 1ε0μ0
6
7
a2 sin θ = λ2a sin θ = mλ (m = 1, 2, 3, …)
8
ΔL = d sin θ: d sin θ = mλ: d sin θ = (m + 1/2)λ(m = 0, 1, 2, …)